Keynote Speakers
Foo Keng Yuen
Prof. Dr.
Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM)
Speech Title:A shared vision on the Water Management and Environmental Control Strategies in Malaysia under the UNESCO Chair Program
Abstract: SDG 6 is the Sustainable Development Goal 6 established by the United Nations (UN) which concerns the issues on Clean Water and Sanitation, with the mission statement to "Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all." Universiti Sains Malaysia becomes the first university in the country to be awarded the “UNESCO Chair on Ecohydraulics for Sustainable Water Infrastructures for SDG 6 in Asia and the Pacific Region”. Under the framework, selected actions and commitments related to the global education, community development and international volunteering under the Sustainable Development Goals will be highlighted. Among them are the Malaysia UNESCO Cooperation Programme (MUCP) and UNESCO workshops, which gathered experts throughout the world to contribute to the building of a culture of peace, the eradication of poverty, and intercultural dialogue through education, sciences, culture, communication and information. In parallel with the revolution of nanotechnology development, the key advance of microwave technology as a green, rapid and efficient strategy for activated carbon preparation and regeneration; upgrading of natural clay into low-cost, active functionalized adsorbents; and green synthesis of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) as new class of organic-inorganic hybrid crystalline porous networks; new insights for the innovative conversion of bio ashes into highly valuable nano-hybrid materials; as well as the preparation of cellulose nanocrystals, from the natural polymers commonly found in forest wood, plant residue and agro-biomass have been emphasized. Moreover, the accomplishment of the soilless cultivation practice, the unique interplay between the complexities of water quality variability, available water resource, pollution status with the human health risks during the flood disaster, the concept of Urban Green Space management, together with the practical application of Bio-ecological Drainage System for the quantitative and quality water runoff management will be systematically elucidated.
Abstract: SDG 6 is the Sustainable Development Goal 6 established by the United Nations (UN) which concerns the issues on Clean Water and Sanitation, with the mission statement to "Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all." Universiti Sains Malaysia becomes the first university in the country to be awarded the “UNESCO Chair on Ecohydraulics for Sustainable Water Infrastructures for SDG 6 in Asia and the Pacific Region”. Under the framework, selected actions and commitments related to the global education, community development and international volunteering under the Sustainable Development Goals will be highlighted. Among them are the Malaysia UNESCO Cooperation Programme (MUCP) and UNESCO workshops, which gathered experts throughout the world to contribute to the building of a culture of peace, the eradication of poverty, and intercultural dialogue through education, sciences, culture, communication and information. In parallel with the revolution of nanotechnology development, the key advance of microwave technology as a green, rapid and efficient strategy for activated carbon preparation and regeneration; upgrading of natural clay into low-cost, active functionalized adsorbents; and green synthesis of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) as new class of organic-inorganic hybrid crystalline porous networks; new insights for the innovative conversion of bio ashes into highly valuable nano-hybrid materials; as well as the preparation of cellulose nanocrystals, from the natural polymers commonly found in forest wood, plant residue and agro-biomass have been emphasized. Moreover, the accomplishment of the soilless cultivation practice, the unique interplay between the complexities of water quality variability, available water resource, pollution status with the human health risks during the flood disaster, the concept of Urban Green Space management, together with the practical application of Bio-ecological Drainage System for the quantitative and quality water runoff management will be systematically elucidated.
Mohd Elmuntasir Ahmed
Dr.
Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research (KISR)
Speech Title:Prospects of Enhancing Industrial Wastewater of Using Ultrasound Irradiation
Abstract: Ultrasound treatment is one of the several technologies that promote hydrolysis, that is, the rate-limiting stage for organics oxidation during wastewater treatment. Fundamentally, ultrasound is capable of the destruction of organics including both hard-to-degrade organics and bacterial, possibly, without the use of chemicals or biochemical agents. When used as a pretreatment, a significant benefit of ultrasound technology besides the oxidation of organics is that it reduces chemical use and sludge where chemical treatment is used, improves volatile suspended solids (VSS) levels, maintains nutrient availability, and improves biodegradability. This paper explores the prospect of using ultrasound treatment for industrial wastewater treatment in the light of the results of evaluating its potential using actual industrial wastewater. The flow-through reactor used was capable of producing single and dual frequencies. The results of this evaluation developed a crucial knowledge on the advantages and bottlenecks for full scale application of ultrasound technology.
Short Biography:Dr. Mohamed Elmuntasir Ahmed is a Senior research scientist at the Water Research Center (WRC) of the Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research (KISR). He serves as an Advisor to KISRDirector General on research matters. He obtained his B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees in civil engineering from Bradley University and PhD in environmental engineering from Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), USA, 2000. He was engaged as an international staff with the United Nations (UN) and the World Bank in large infrastructure projects in over 11 countries. He has gained management experience at the regional level. He has been involved in institutional strengthening and policy development as part of his UN and World Bank affiliation.
Abstract: Ultrasound treatment is one of the several technologies that promote hydrolysis, that is, the rate-limiting stage for organics oxidation during wastewater treatment. Fundamentally, ultrasound is capable of the destruction of organics including both hard-to-degrade organics and bacterial, possibly, without the use of chemicals or biochemical agents. When used as a pretreatment, a significant benefit of ultrasound technology besides the oxidation of organics is that it reduces chemical use and sludge where chemical treatment is used, improves volatile suspended solids (VSS) levels, maintains nutrient availability, and improves biodegradability. This paper explores the prospect of using ultrasound treatment for industrial wastewater treatment in the light of the results of evaluating its potential using actual industrial wastewater. The flow-through reactor used was capable of producing single and dual frequencies. The results of this evaluation developed a crucial knowledge on the advantages and bottlenecks for full scale application of ultrasound technology.
Short Biography:Dr. Mohamed Elmuntasir Ahmed is a Senior research scientist at the Water Research Center (WRC) of the Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research (KISR). He serves as an Advisor to KISRDirector General on research matters. He obtained his B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees in civil engineering from Bradley University and PhD in environmental engineering from Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), USA, 2000. He was engaged as an international staff with the United Nations (UN) and the World Bank in large infrastructure projects in over 11 countries. He has gained management experience at the regional level. He has been involved in institutional strengthening and policy development as part of his UN and World Bank affiliation.
Muhammad Ishtiaq Ali
Prof. Dr.
Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad
Speech Title:Biodegradation of plastics: An Ecofriendly waste management approach
Abstract: Plastics are high molecular weight polymers. Considering the increasing load in the environment, biodegradation of plastics by microorganisms and enzymes seems to be the most effective process. Oxidative enzymes play significant role in biodegradation of recalcitrant materials. Fungi are important among microorganisms for the production of extracellular enzymes. Limited production and slow release of the particular enzymes are the limiting factor. The study was aimed for enhanced production, molecular characterization of oxidoreductases for plastic biodegradation. Molecular examination as well as the heterologous expression of ligninolytic enzymes i.e. laccase and lignin peroxidase were carried out. These enzymes are mainly produced under nutrient starved condition i.e. carbon or nitrogen limited medium. Microscopic examination of these enzymes producing organism showed that they are filamentous, coenocytic, aseptate and spore producing organisms. An experiment was set up by adding the PVC polymer in the MSM media and inoculating the respective enzymes after screening and purification. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results of enzyme treated plastic films revealed the structural changes as compared to control (without enzyme treatment). Enzyme assay of both enzymes such as laccase and lignin peroxidase were carried out with vertryl alcohol and DMP as substrates. Current study results suggested, that Microorganisms have the potential for biodegradability of recalcitrant plastic waste and can be used for bioremediation at large scale.
Short Biography:Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ishtiaq Ali is a distinguished academic and researcher in Applied and Environmental Microbiology, currently serving as Chairman of Microbiology and Director of the Office of Research, Innovation, and Commercialization (ORIC) at Quaid-i-Azam University (QAU), Islamabad. With a Ph.D. from QAU and a postdoctoral fellowship at the University of New South Wales, Australia, he leads pioneering research in microbial biotechnology, bioenergy, bioremediation, and green technologies. His work focuses on sustainable solutions such as biochar applications, coal-to-methane bioconversion, wastewater treatment, synthetic polymer biodegradation, and renewable energy from organic waste. Dr. Ali has secured over 30 million PKR in competitive grants from organizations like HEC, PSF, and NSLP and published 100+ peer-reviewed papers in high-impact journals, including Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews and Journal of Hazardous Materials. His h-index reflects his global influence. As a mentor, he has supervised 80 MPhil and 12 PhD scholars, advancing innovation in microbial genomics, waste-to-energy systems, and environmental remediation. Administratively, he chairs over 20 institutional committees, enhancing research quality, academic governance, and international collaborations. His research on biochar-mediated soil remediation and microbial coal-to-methane conversion has significant implications for sustainable agriculture and energy security in resource-constrained regions. Beyond academia, he engages in community projects addressing antimicrobial resistance, wastewater treatment, and public health awareness, linking science with societal needs. A recipient of the Microbiology Gold Medal and member of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences, Dr. Ali is dedicated to translating scientific insights into scalable solutions. His global collaborations with institutions in China, Australia, USA and the EU underscore his commitment to international scientific dialogue. Through his academic excellence, administrative leadership, and community-driven science, Dr. Ali positions Pakistan as a leader in sustainable development and environmental stewardship.
Abstract: Plastics are high molecular weight polymers. Considering the increasing load in the environment, biodegradation of plastics by microorganisms and enzymes seems to be the most effective process. Oxidative enzymes play significant role in biodegradation of recalcitrant materials. Fungi are important among microorganisms for the production of extracellular enzymes. Limited production and slow release of the particular enzymes are the limiting factor. The study was aimed for enhanced production, molecular characterization of oxidoreductases for plastic biodegradation. Molecular examination as well as the heterologous expression of ligninolytic enzymes i.e. laccase and lignin peroxidase were carried out. These enzymes are mainly produced under nutrient starved condition i.e. carbon or nitrogen limited medium. Microscopic examination of these enzymes producing organism showed that they are filamentous, coenocytic, aseptate and spore producing organisms. An experiment was set up by adding the PVC polymer in the MSM media and inoculating the respective enzymes after screening and purification. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results of enzyme treated plastic films revealed the structural changes as compared to control (without enzyme treatment). Enzyme assay of both enzymes such as laccase and lignin peroxidase were carried out with vertryl alcohol and DMP as substrates. Current study results suggested, that Microorganisms have the potential for biodegradability of recalcitrant plastic waste and can be used for bioremediation at large scale.
Short Biography:Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ishtiaq Ali is a distinguished academic and researcher in Applied and Environmental Microbiology, currently serving as Chairman of Microbiology and Director of the Office of Research, Innovation, and Commercialization (ORIC) at Quaid-i-Azam University (QAU), Islamabad. With a Ph.D. from QAU and a postdoctoral fellowship at the University of New South Wales, Australia, he leads pioneering research in microbial biotechnology, bioenergy, bioremediation, and green technologies. His work focuses on sustainable solutions such as biochar applications, coal-to-methane bioconversion, wastewater treatment, synthetic polymer biodegradation, and renewable energy from organic waste. Dr. Ali has secured over 30 million PKR in competitive grants from organizations like HEC, PSF, and NSLP and published 100+ peer-reviewed papers in high-impact journals, including Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews and Journal of Hazardous Materials. His h-index reflects his global influence. As a mentor, he has supervised 80 MPhil and 12 PhD scholars, advancing innovation in microbial genomics, waste-to-energy systems, and environmental remediation. Administratively, he chairs over 20 institutional committees, enhancing research quality, academic governance, and international collaborations. His research on biochar-mediated soil remediation and microbial coal-to-methane conversion has significant implications for sustainable agriculture and energy security in resource-constrained regions. Beyond academia, he engages in community projects addressing antimicrobial resistance, wastewater treatment, and public health awareness, linking science with societal needs. A recipient of the Microbiology Gold Medal and member of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences, Dr. Ali is dedicated to translating scientific insights into scalable solutions. His global collaborations with institutions in China, Australia, USA and the EU underscore his commitment to international scientific dialogue. Through his academic excellence, administrative leadership, and community-driven science, Dr. Ali positions Pakistan as a leader in sustainable development and environmental stewardship.
Punhoon Khan Korai
Dr.
Lasbela University of Agriculture Water and Marine Sciences Uthal
Speech Title:Wheat and maize-derived washed and unwashed biochar improved the nutrients phytoavailability and the grain and straw yield of rice and wheat
Abstract: A feld experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of different biochars on grain yield and phytoavailability and uptake of macro- and micro-nutrients by rice and wheat grown in a paddy soil in a rotation. Soil was treated with i) maize raw (un-washed) biochar (MRB), ii) maize water-washed biochar (MWB), iii) wheat raw biochar (WRB) or iv) wheat water-washed biochar (WWB) and untreated soil was used as control (CF). Inorganic fertilizers were applied to all soils while biochar treated soils received 20 ton ha- 1 of designated biochar before rice cultivation in rice-wheat rotation. The WRB signifcantly (P < 0.05) increased rice grain yield and straw by up to 49%, compared to the CF. Biochar addition, particularly WRB, signifcantly increased the availability of N, P, K and their content in the grain (26–37%) and straw (22–37%) of rice and wheat. Also, the availability and grain content of Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu increased signifcantly after biochar addition, particularly after the WRB, due to WRB water dissolved C acting as a carrier for micronutrients in soil and plant. However, the water-washing process altered biochar properties, particularly the water extractable C, which decreased its effciency. Both wheat- and maize-derived biochars, particularly the WRB, are recommended to improve nutrients availability and to improve grain yield in the rice-wheat rotation agro-ecosystem. These results shed light on the importance of crop straw transformation into an important source for soil C and nutrients necessary for sustainable management of wheat-rice agro-ecosystem. However, with the current and future alternative energy demands, the decision on using crop biomass for soil conservation or for bioenergy becomes a challenge reliant on regulatory and policy frameworks.
Short Biography:I am a Soil Scientist, with specialization in Soil Salinity and Fertility. I work in the fields of biochar technology for sustainable crop production and soil health management. My research is focused upon greenhouse gas emission, soil organic carbon management, nutrients management, different fractions of SOC and organic fertilizers. I am also working on nutrient dynamics such as macro and micro in different soils, nutrient-use efficient genotypes and integration of different fertilizer with long-term straw returning practices. Four years PhD research work experience under the project “Biochar effects on soil quality, crop production and greenhouse gas emission from a rice paddy under rice and wheat rotation: role of water extractable pool”.
Abstract: A feld experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of different biochars on grain yield and phytoavailability and uptake of macro- and micro-nutrients by rice and wheat grown in a paddy soil in a rotation. Soil was treated with i) maize raw (un-washed) biochar (MRB), ii) maize water-washed biochar (MWB), iii) wheat raw biochar (WRB) or iv) wheat water-washed biochar (WWB) and untreated soil was used as control (CF). Inorganic fertilizers were applied to all soils while biochar treated soils received 20 ton ha- 1 of designated biochar before rice cultivation in rice-wheat rotation. The WRB signifcantly (P < 0.05) increased rice grain yield and straw by up to 49%, compared to the CF. Biochar addition, particularly WRB, signifcantly increased the availability of N, P, K and their content in the grain (26–37%) and straw (22–37%) of rice and wheat. Also, the availability and grain content of Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu increased signifcantly after biochar addition, particularly after the WRB, due to WRB water dissolved C acting as a carrier for micronutrients in soil and plant. However, the water-washing process altered biochar properties, particularly the water extractable C, which decreased its effciency. Both wheat- and maize-derived biochars, particularly the WRB, are recommended to improve nutrients availability and to improve grain yield in the rice-wheat rotation agro-ecosystem. These results shed light on the importance of crop straw transformation into an important source for soil C and nutrients necessary for sustainable management of wheat-rice agro-ecosystem. However, with the current and future alternative energy demands, the decision on using crop biomass for soil conservation or for bioenergy becomes a challenge reliant on regulatory and policy frameworks.
Short Biography:I am a Soil Scientist, with specialization in Soil Salinity and Fertility. I work in the fields of biochar technology for sustainable crop production and soil health management. My research is focused upon greenhouse gas emission, soil organic carbon management, nutrients management, different fractions of SOC and organic fertilizers. I am also working on nutrient dynamics such as macro and micro in different soils, nutrient-use efficient genotypes and integration of different fertilizer with long-term straw returning practices. Four years PhD research work experience under the project “Biochar effects on soil quality, crop production and greenhouse gas emission from a rice paddy under rice and wheat rotation: role of water extractable pool”.
Mohamed El Abd Bouha
Dr.
Moulay Ismail University
Speech Title:The metabasalts from the greenstone belt of the Lebzenia group in the Tasiast complex, Mauritania, and their geodynamic implications
Abstract: The metabasalts of the Lebzenia Group, located within the Tasiast Complex in Mauritania, provide key insights into the geological evolution of this region. Their geochemical analysis reveals a wide range of basaltic compositions, from transitional to calc-alkaline, with SiO₂ contents ranging from 46.91% to 51.57% and a magnesium index (Mg#) between 37 and 61. Variations in major and trace elements, as well as enrichment ratios of light rare earth elements (LREE) compared to middle (MREE) and heavy (HREE) rare earth elements, highlight complex magmatic processes, including fractional crystallization and crustal assimilation (Bédard, 2009; McCulloch & Gamble, 1991). Trace element spectra analysis indicates Th enrichment, significant variations in La/Nb ratios (0.97 to 62.28), and negative Nb-Ta and Zr-Hf anomalies, characteristic of magmas associated with volcanic arcs (Pearce & Peate, 1995; Kelemen et al., 2007). Two main hypotheses explain these characteristics: (1) an active subduction setting, where magmas originate from mantle melting in a magmatic arc (Defant et al., 1992; Sajona et al., 1996), and (2) crustal contamination, evidenced by Th/Nb ratios greater than 0.2 and negative Nb-Ta-Ti anomalies (Pearce, 2008; Lightfoot et al., 1990). Elemental ratio analysis suggests that the Lebzenia Group basalts do not necessarily require the presence of an active volcanic arc or subduction zone. The Nb-Ta anomalies and Th enrichment indicate contamination from a Th-rich Archean crust. Additionally, some samples plot within the tholeiitic OIB field on the TiO₂/Yb vs. Nb/Yb diagram, suggesting a deep mantle melting event, potentially influenced by a mantle plume (Kay et al., 1994; Haschke & Günther, 2003). Compared to other metabasalts in the Tasiast region, the Lebzenia basalts exhibit geochemical signatures similar to modern arc magmas, whereas the Talhayet and Sebkhet Nich formations resemble modern N-MORB (Pearce, 2008). The schistose metadacites of the Aouéoua Formation, dated to approximately 2.968 Ga, display a geochemical signature typical of volcanic arc settings, suggesting that the Lebzenia basalts may be associated with a similar magmatic event (Pitfield et al., 2005; Kay et al., 2008). These findings indicate that the Lebzenia Group metabasalts have a mixed origin, involving asthenospheric mantle melting followed by interaction with Archean crust. This study provides new insights into the geological dynamics of the Tasiast region, which remains largely unexplored.
Short Biography:Dr. Mohamed El Abd Bouha is a geochemist and petrologist specializing in Archean geodynamics and crustal evolution. With a strong background in field geology, petrographic analysis, and geochemical modeling, he has conducted extensive research on the Tasiast Greenstone Belt and the Reguibat Shield in Mauritania. His work focuses on mantle-crust interactions, subduction-like processes in the Archaean, and the geodynamic evolution of early continental crust. Through university teaching, international research collaborations, and field missions, he has developed a comprehensive understanding of tectonic processes, magmatic differentiation, and mineral exploration. His contributions to scientific publications and international conferences highlight his commitment to advancing knowledge in Archaean geochemistry and geodynamics.
Abstract: The metabasalts of the Lebzenia Group, located within the Tasiast Complex in Mauritania, provide key insights into the geological evolution of this region. Their geochemical analysis reveals a wide range of basaltic compositions, from transitional to calc-alkaline, with SiO₂ contents ranging from 46.91% to 51.57% and a magnesium index (Mg#) between 37 and 61. Variations in major and trace elements, as well as enrichment ratios of light rare earth elements (LREE) compared to middle (MREE) and heavy (HREE) rare earth elements, highlight complex magmatic processes, including fractional crystallization and crustal assimilation (Bédard, 2009; McCulloch & Gamble, 1991). Trace element spectra analysis indicates Th enrichment, significant variations in La/Nb ratios (0.97 to 62.28), and negative Nb-Ta and Zr-Hf anomalies, characteristic of magmas associated with volcanic arcs (Pearce & Peate, 1995; Kelemen et al., 2007). Two main hypotheses explain these characteristics: (1) an active subduction setting, where magmas originate from mantle melting in a magmatic arc (Defant et al., 1992; Sajona et al., 1996), and (2) crustal contamination, evidenced by Th/Nb ratios greater than 0.2 and negative Nb-Ta-Ti anomalies (Pearce, 2008; Lightfoot et al., 1990). Elemental ratio analysis suggests that the Lebzenia Group basalts do not necessarily require the presence of an active volcanic arc or subduction zone. The Nb-Ta anomalies and Th enrichment indicate contamination from a Th-rich Archean crust. Additionally, some samples plot within the tholeiitic OIB field on the TiO₂/Yb vs. Nb/Yb diagram, suggesting a deep mantle melting event, potentially influenced by a mantle plume (Kay et al., 1994; Haschke & Günther, 2003). Compared to other metabasalts in the Tasiast region, the Lebzenia basalts exhibit geochemical signatures similar to modern arc magmas, whereas the Talhayet and Sebkhet Nich formations resemble modern N-MORB (Pearce, 2008). The schistose metadacites of the Aouéoua Formation, dated to approximately 2.968 Ga, display a geochemical signature typical of volcanic arc settings, suggesting that the Lebzenia basalts may be associated with a similar magmatic event (Pitfield et al., 2005; Kay et al., 2008). These findings indicate that the Lebzenia Group metabasalts have a mixed origin, involving asthenospheric mantle melting followed by interaction with Archean crust. This study provides new insights into the geological dynamics of the Tasiast region, which remains largely unexplored.
Short Biography:Dr. Mohamed El Abd Bouha is a geochemist and petrologist specializing in Archean geodynamics and crustal evolution. With a strong background in field geology, petrographic analysis, and geochemical modeling, he has conducted extensive research on the Tasiast Greenstone Belt and the Reguibat Shield in Mauritania. His work focuses on mantle-crust interactions, subduction-like processes in the Archaean, and the geodynamic evolution of early continental crust. Through university teaching, international research collaborations, and field missions, he has developed a comprehensive understanding of tectonic processes, magmatic differentiation, and mineral exploration. His contributions to scientific publications and international conferences highlight his commitment to advancing knowledge in Archaean geochemistry and geodynamics.
Ayoub Ait Bella
Dr.
Mohammed V University in Rabat
Speech Title:Physicochemical and Microbiological Characterization of Effluents from Mohammed VI University Hospital in Marrakech and Their Environmental Impact Assessment
Abstract: Contamination of sewage water has become a critical public and scientific issue due to its adverse effects on human health and biological ecosystems, hence presenting grave health risks to workers, the general population, and the environment. The purpose of this study is to investigate the physicochemical and biological indicators of hospital wastewater from the Mohammed VI University Hospital in Marrakech, which is poured into the municipal sewage system without treatment. Sampling of hospital wastewater was conducted from October 2022 to January 2023, every 15 days, from the main collector of all the manholes of the hospital. The high level of organic pollution was confirmed by physicochemical characterization, with average COD, BOD₅, and TSS values of 750 mg/L, 512.14 mg/L, and 879.86 mg/L, respectively, which exceeded the Moroccan recommended discharge standards. In addition, total phosphorus content, sulfates, nitrates, and nitrites content were found to be 5.92 mg/L, 427.97 mg/L, 7.39 mg/L, and 0.60 mg/L, respectively. Fecal coliform bacteria content up to 12 x 10⁶ CFU/100 mL was recorded in the bacteriological characterization, as well as the presence of nosocomial pathogens, namely Staphylococcus aureus. The ratio COD/BOD₅ of 1.46 also suggests moderate biodegradability of hospital wastewater. Based on findings, appropriate treatment strategies are suggested, such as activated sludge processes, sequencing batch reactors (SBR), membrane bioreactors (MBR), anaerobic digestion, and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). In view of the physicochemical and pathogenic bacterial load of these effluents, their proper treatment is obligatory as a precautionary step to prevent any threat to public health and outbreak of epidemic diseases.
Short Biography:My name is Ayoub Ait Bella, and I am a PhD student specializing in Health, Safety, and Environment (HSE). With a solid academic background in waste management and industrial ecology, my current thesis focuses on the efficient and sustainable management of hospital waste. I have actively participated in several prestigious conferences, including the International Congress on Climate Change in Marrakech (December 01-03, 2022) and the MAASI Scientific Week in Istanbul, Turkey (May 21-31, 2022), where I presented my research through oral communications. In addition to these participations, I have published scientific articles in renowned Scopus-indexed journals such as Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology, Environmental Research and Technology, and Sciendo. These contributions highlight my commitment to advancing knowledge and practices in the field of HSE.
Abstract: Contamination of sewage water has become a critical public and scientific issue due to its adverse effects on human health and biological ecosystems, hence presenting grave health risks to workers, the general population, and the environment. The purpose of this study is to investigate the physicochemical and biological indicators of hospital wastewater from the Mohammed VI University Hospital in Marrakech, which is poured into the municipal sewage system without treatment. Sampling of hospital wastewater was conducted from October 2022 to January 2023, every 15 days, from the main collector of all the manholes of the hospital. The high level of organic pollution was confirmed by physicochemical characterization, with average COD, BOD₅, and TSS values of 750 mg/L, 512.14 mg/L, and 879.86 mg/L, respectively, which exceeded the Moroccan recommended discharge standards. In addition, total phosphorus content, sulfates, nitrates, and nitrites content were found to be 5.92 mg/L, 427.97 mg/L, 7.39 mg/L, and 0.60 mg/L, respectively. Fecal coliform bacteria content up to 12 x 10⁶ CFU/100 mL was recorded in the bacteriological characterization, as well as the presence of nosocomial pathogens, namely Staphylococcus aureus. The ratio COD/BOD₅ of 1.46 also suggests moderate biodegradability of hospital wastewater. Based on findings, appropriate treatment strategies are suggested, such as activated sludge processes, sequencing batch reactors (SBR), membrane bioreactors (MBR), anaerobic digestion, and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). In view of the physicochemical and pathogenic bacterial load of these effluents, their proper treatment is obligatory as a precautionary step to prevent any threat to public health and outbreak of epidemic diseases.
Short Biography:My name is Ayoub Ait Bella, and I am a PhD student specializing in Health, Safety, and Environment (HSE). With a solid academic background in waste management and industrial ecology, my current thesis focuses on the efficient and sustainable management of hospital waste. I have actively participated in several prestigious conferences, including the International Congress on Climate Change in Marrakech (December 01-03, 2022) and the MAASI Scientific Week in Istanbul, Turkey (May 21-31, 2022), where I presented my research through oral communications. In addition to these participations, I have published scientific articles in renowned Scopus-indexed journals such as Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology, Environmental Research and Technology, and Sciendo. These contributions highlight my commitment to advancing knowledge and practices in the field of HSE.
Habtamu Alemu Alehegn
Lecturer and Researcher
Mekdela Amba University
Speech Title:Review on Petrology, Geochemistry, and Geochronology of Afar rift volcanic rocks from the East African rift: implication for mantle source, Plume-lithosphere interaction, and rift evolution
Abstract: The East African Rift, particularly the Afar region, serves as a critical site for understanding the interplay between mantle plumes and lithospheric dynamics, contributing to rift evolution. This review synthesizes recent research on the petrology, geochemistry, and geochronology of volcanic rocks within the Afar Rift, highlighting the characteristics of mantle sources and plume-lithosphere interactions. The Main Ethiopian Rift, a prominent segment of the EAR, exhibits a complex volcanic landscape shaped by NE-trending rift segments and associated faulting. Our analysis of Quaternary alkaline and peralkaline basalts reveals significant variations in incompatible element abundances and isotopic ratios, underscoring the heterogeneous nature of the mantle sources involved in Ethiopian volcanism. This review paper discusses the processes of magma genesis and evolution, emphasizing that rhyolites likely derive from basalts through fractional crystallization at shallow depths, with minimal crustal assimilation influencing silicic magma development and also provides new insights into the geodynamic processes shaping the Afar Rift and its volcanic activity. The findings suggest that extensive basalt emplacement occurs both within the lower continental crust and at shallow levels, reflecting significant crust-mantle interactions. The basaltic trachy-andesite and basaltic andesite products show minimal phenocryst presence (<1.2%), predominantly featuring plagioclase (average 13.7%) alongside minor clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, and olivine. In contrast, trachyte and rhyolite samples display higher plagioclase content and varied mineral assemblages. The primitive mantle-normalized multi-element spider plot for felsic volcanics shows significant strontium depletion, indicating extensive plagioclase fractionation. Rare earth element analyses reveal elevated light REE and reduced heavy REE concentrations, while the zirconium (Zr) versus zirconium-to-yield ratio (Zr/Y) plot suggests an intraplate continental setting for bimodal volcanics. Geochemical ratios, such as Rb/Nb and Ba/Rb, further elucidate the evolutionary processes and tectonic context of the volcanic rocks. Overall, this research enhances our understanding of mantle-lithosphere interactions and petrogenetic processes in continental rifting environments, contributing valuable insights into broader geological phenomena associated with volcanism and rifting.
Short Biography:I am a dedicated and accomplished geologist with over six years of experience in academia, specializing in petrology, volcanology, mineralogy, and geochemistry. I currently serve as a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Geology at Mekdela Amba University, where I am deeply committed to educating the next generation of geoscientists. My expertise encompasses a wide range of geological phenomena, with a particular focus on volcanic systems and their associated processes. During my tenure at Mekdela Amba University, I have successfully engaged in lecturing, research, and community service. I am known for my innovative teaching methods and my ability to inspire students through hands-on learning experiences. My courses cover fundamental concepts in geology, as well as advanced topics in petrology and volcanology, equipping students with both theoretical knowledge and practical skills.
Abstract: The East African Rift, particularly the Afar region, serves as a critical site for understanding the interplay between mantle plumes and lithospheric dynamics, contributing to rift evolution. This review synthesizes recent research on the petrology, geochemistry, and geochronology of volcanic rocks within the Afar Rift, highlighting the characteristics of mantle sources and plume-lithosphere interactions. The Main Ethiopian Rift, a prominent segment of the EAR, exhibits a complex volcanic landscape shaped by NE-trending rift segments and associated faulting. Our analysis of Quaternary alkaline and peralkaline basalts reveals significant variations in incompatible element abundances and isotopic ratios, underscoring the heterogeneous nature of the mantle sources involved in Ethiopian volcanism. This review paper discusses the processes of magma genesis and evolution, emphasizing that rhyolites likely derive from basalts through fractional crystallization at shallow depths, with minimal crustal assimilation influencing silicic magma development and also provides new insights into the geodynamic processes shaping the Afar Rift and its volcanic activity. The findings suggest that extensive basalt emplacement occurs both within the lower continental crust and at shallow levels, reflecting significant crust-mantle interactions. The basaltic trachy-andesite and basaltic andesite products show minimal phenocryst presence (<1.2%), predominantly featuring plagioclase (average 13.7%) alongside minor clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, and olivine. In contrast, trachyte and rhyolite samples display higher plagioclase content and varied mineral assemblages. The primitive mantle-normalized multi-element spider plot for felsic volcanics shows significant strontium depletion, indicating extensive plagioclase fractionation. Rare earth element analyses reveal elevated light REE and reduced heavy REE concentrations, while the zirconium (Zr) versus zirconium-to-yield ratio (Zr/Y) plot suggests an intraplate continental setting for bimodal volcanics. Geochemical ratios, such as Rb/Nb and Ba/Rb, further elucidate the evolutionary processes and tectonic context of the volcanic rocks. Overall, this research enhances our understanding of mantle-lithosphere interactions and petrogenetic processes in continental rifting environments, contributing valuable insights into broader geological phenomena associated with volcanism and rifting.
Short Biography:I am a dedicated and accomplished geologist with over six years of experience in academia, specializing in petrology, volcanology, mineralogy, and geochemistry. I currently serve as a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Geology at Mekdela Amba University, where I am deeply committed to educating the next generation of geoscientists. My expertise encompasses a wide range of geological phenomena, with a particular focus on volcanic systems and their associated processes. During my tenure at Mekdela Amba University, I have successfully engaged in lecturing, research, and community service. I am known for my innovative teaching methods and my ability to inspire students through hands-on learning experiences. My courses cover fundamental concepts in geology, as well as advanced topics in petrology and volcanology, equipping students with both theoretical knowledge and practical skills.
